نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية
المؤلف
جامعة المصطفی العالمية، قم، إیران.
المستخلص
الكلمات الرئيسية
عنوان المقالة [English]
المؤلف [English]
The two principles of takhṣīṣ (specification) and taqyīd (restriction) are among the fundamental rules discussed in the science of jurisprudential principles (uṣūl al-fiqh). These principles are applied in the context of reconciling conflicting jurisprudential evidence in cases of tentative conflict. Accordingly, when a general (ʿāmm) piece of evidence is juxtaposed with a specific (khāṣṣ) one, reconciliation is achieved through the principle of specification. Similarly, when an absolute (muṭlaq) piece of evidence is juxtaposed with a restricted (muqayyad) one, reconciliation is achieved through the principle of restriction.
This study seeks to address the fundamental question: Can a Quranic verse, which
is general or absolute, be specified or restricted by a single-narrator hadith (khabar
al-wāḥid)? The research hypothesis is that, given the unique nature of Quranic evidence, specific criteria must be met to allow the specification or restriction of the Quran with a single-narrator hadith. The objective of this study is to enhance the methodology of jurisprudential deduction (istinbāṭ fiqhī) concerning Quranic evidence with greater precision. This is pursued through a principled juristic methodology (ijtihād uṣūlī), which aims to answer the research question and achieve this objective.
This methodology employs the rules and tools of reasoning while incorporating foundational and specific considerations. Based on the research findings, the specification or restriction of the Quran with a single-narrator hadith must adhere to two key principles. First, the single-narrator hadith used to specify or restrict the generality or absoluteness of a Quranic verse must be robust in terms of its text, chain of transmission (sanad), signification (dalāla), and authoritativeness (ḥujjiyya), and it must be free from any deficiencies. This principle is supported by reasoning presented in two stages. Second, the generality or absoluteness of the Quranic verse must, in and of itself, independently of the introduction of a specifier (mukhaṣṣiṣ) or restrictor (muqayyid), be inherently capable of specification or restriction. According to the theory derived from this research, these two principles form the foundation of the proposed rules for applying a single-narrator hadith to specify or restrict verses of Quranic verses.
الكلمات الرئيسية [English]